Grover Iteration

Grover iteration is the core step in Grover’s search algorithm that amplifies the probability of the correct answer in a quantum superposition. It consists of two operations: first, the *oracle* flips the phase of the target state; second, the *diffusion operator* (or inversion about the mean) increases the amplitude of that marked state while decreasing others. Repeating this process about √N times makes the correct state most likely to be measured.